您好,现在程程来为大家解答以上的问题。高中化学方程式大全，高中化学方程式相信很多小伙伴还不知道,现在让我们一起来看看吧！
1、高中化学方程式一、非金属单质(F2，Cl2,O2,S,N2,P,C,Si，H) 氧化性: F2+H2===2HF (阴暗处爆炸) F2+Xe(过量)==XeF2 2F2(过量)+Xe==XeF4 (XeF4是强氧化剂。
2、能将Mn2+氧化为MnO4–)nF2+2M===2MFn(M表示大部分金属) 2F2+2H2O===4HF+O2 (水是还原剂) 2F2+2NaOH===2NaF+OF2+H2OF2+2NaCl===2NaF+Cl2 F2+2NaBr===2NaF+Br2F2+2NaI===2NaF+I2 7F2(过量)+I2===2IF7F2+Cl2(等体积)===2ClF (ClF属于类卤素:ClF+H2O==HF+HClO )3F2(过量)+Cl2===2ClF3 (ClF3+3H2O==3HF+HClO3 )Cl2+H22HCl (将H2在Cl2点燃;混合点燃、加热、光照发生爆炸)3Cl2+2P2PCl3 Cl2+PCl3PCl5 Cl2+2Na2NaCl3Cl2+2Fe2FeCl3 Cl2+CuCuCl2Cl2+2FeCl2===2FeCl3 (在水溶液中:Cl2+2Fe2+===2Fe3++3Cl)Cl2+2NaBr===2NaCl+Br2 Cl2+2Br=2Cl+Br2Cl2+2KI===2KCl+I2 Cl2+2I=2Cl+I23Cl2(过量)+2KI+3H2O===6HCl+KIO3 3Cl2+I–+3H2O=6H++6Cl–+IO3–5Cl2+I2+6H2O===2HIO3+10HCl 5Cl2+I2+6H2O=10Cl–+IO3–+12H+Cl2+Na2S===2NaCl+S↓ Cl2+S2–=2Cl–+S↓Cl2+H2S===2HCl+S↓ (水溶液中:Cl2+H2S=2H++2Cl–+S↓Cl2+SO2+2H2O===H2SO4+2HCl Cl2+SO2+2H2O=4H++SO42–+2Cl– Cl2+H2O2===2HCl+O2 Cl2+H2O2=2H++Cl–+O22O2+3FeFe3O4 O2+K===KO2 S+H2H2S 2S+CCS2 S+ZnZnSS+Fe FeS (既能由单质制取，又能由离子制取) S+2CuCu2S (只能由单质制取，不能由离子制取)3S+2AlAl2S3 (只能由单质制取。
3、不能由离子制取)N2+3H22NH3 N2+3MgMg3N2 N2+3CaCa3N2 N2+3BaBa3N2 N2+6Na2Na3N N2+6K2K3N N2+6Rb2Rb3N N2+2Al2AlN P4+6H24PH3 P+3NaNa3P 2P+3ZnZn3P2H2+2Li2LiH2、还原性S+O2SO2 S+H2SO4(浓)3SO2↑+2H2O S+6HNO3(浓)H2SO4+6NO2↑+2H2O S+4H++6==6NO2↑+2H2O+3S+4HNO3(稀)3SO2+4NO↑+2H2O 3S+4H++43SO2+4NO↑+2H2ON2+O2 2NO 4P+5O2P4O10(常写成P2O5)2P+3X22PX3(X表示F2，Cl2，Br2) PX3+X2 PX5P4+20HNO3(浓)4H3PO4+20NO2↑+4H2O C+2F2CF4 C+2Cl2CCl4 C+O2(足量)CO2 2C+O2(少量)2COC+CO22CO C+H2OCO+H2(生成水煤气) 2C+SiO2Si+2CO(制得粗硅) Si(粗)+2Cl2SiCl4 (SiCl4+2H2===Si(纯)+4HCl)Si(粉)+O2SiO2 Si+CSiC(金刚砂)Si+2NaOH+H2O==Na2SiO3+2H2↑ (Si+2OH+H2O=+2H2↑) 3、歧化反应Cl2+H2O==HCl+HClO(加碱或光照促进歧化: (Cl2+H2OH++Cl–+HClO) Cl2+2NaOH==NaCl+NaClO+H2O (Cl2+2OH–=Cl–+ClO–+H2O)Cl2+2Ca(OH)2==CaCl2+Ca(ClO)2+2H2O (Cl2+2OH–=Cl–+ClO–+H2O)3Cl2+6KOH(浓)5KCl+KClO3+3H2O (3Cl2+6OH–5Cl–+ClO3–+3H2O) 3S+6NaOH2Na2S+Na2SO3+3H2O (3S+6OH–2S2–+SO32–+3H2O)4P+3KOH(浓)+3H2O==PH3↑+3KH2PO2 (4P+3OH–+3H2O==PH3↑+3H2PO2–)11P+15CuSO4+24H2O==5Cu3P+6H3PO4+15H2SO4 3C+CaOCaC2+CO↑ 3C+SiO2SiC+2CO↑ 二.金属单质(Na,Mg,Al,Fe,Cu)的还原性 2Na+H22NaH 4Na+O2==2Na2O 2Na2O+O22Na2O2 2Na+O2Na2O2 2Na+S==Na2S(爆炸)2Na+2H2O==2NaOH+H2↑ 2Na+2H2O=2Na++2OH―+H2↑2Na+2NH3==2NaNH2+H2↑ 2Na+2NH3=2Na++2NH2―+H2↑4Na+TiCl4 4NaCl+Ti Mg+Cl2MgCl2 Mg+Br2MgBr22Mg+O22MgO Mg+SMgS2Cu+SCu2S (Cu2S只能由单质制备)Mg+2H2OMg(OH)2+H2↑2Mg+TiCl4Ti+2MgCl2 Mg+2RbClMgCl2+2Rb 2Mg+CO22MgO+C 2Mg+SiO22MgO+SiMg+H2S==MgS+H2 Mg+H2SO4==MgSO4+H2↑ (Mg+2H+=Mg2++H2↑)2Al+3Cl22AlCl34Al+3O2===2Al2O3 (常温生成致密氧化膜而钝化。
4、在氧气中燃烧)4Al(Hg)+3O2+2xH2O===2(Al2O3.xH2O)+4Hg(铝汞齐) 4Al+3MnO22Al2O3+3Mn 2Al+Cr2O3Al2O3+2Cr (铝热反应)2Al+Fe2O3Al2O3+2Fe 2Al+3FeOAl2O3+3Fe2Al+6HCl===2AlCl3+3H2↑ 2Al+6H+=2Al3++3H2↑2Al+3H2SO4===Al2(SO4)3+3H2↑ 2Al+6H+=2Al3++3H2↑2Al+6H2SO4(浓)===Al2(SO4)3+3SO2+6H2O (Al,Fe在冷,浓的H2SO4,HNO3中钝化) Al+4HNO3(稀)===Al(NO3)3+NO↑+2H2O Al+4H++NO3–=Al3++NO↑+2H2O2Al+2NaOH+2H2O===2NaAlO2+3H2↑ 2Al+2OH–+2H2O=2AlO2–+3H2↑2Fe+3Br2===2FeBr3 3Fe+2O2 Fe3O4 2Fe+O22FeO (炼钢过程)Fe+I2FeI2Fe+SFeS (FeS既能由单质制备，又能由离子制备)3Fe+4H2O(g)Fe3O4+4H2↑Fe+2HCl===FeCl2+H2↑ Fe+2H+=Fe2++H2↑Fe+CuCl2===FeCl2+Cu Fe+Cu2+=Fe2++Cu↓ Fe+SnCl4===FeCl2+SnCl2(铁在酸性环境下,不能把四氯化锡完全还原为单质锡Fe+SnCl2==FeCl2+Sn↓ Fe+Sn2+=Fe2++Sn↓。
本文就为大家分享到这里，希望小伙伴们会喜欢。
标签：